Pragmatic meanings of names (Wierzbica 1992, Ch 7):

Factors:

• Formality/informality
• Masculine connotation/femine connotation
• Childish connotation

Marked vs. unmarked:

• Carry a special pragmaic or emotive meaning
• Loaded; used in limited specific contexts
• Have standard counterpart

1. Unmarked full names: Andrew, Matthew, Martin, Clare, Linda, Mary, Helen, Janet, Ruth, Michael, Stephen, David
2. Marked full name: William, Thomas, Christopher, Katherine Deborah, Elizabeth, Penelop
3. Unmarked short forms: Tom, Pam, Pat, Kate, Sue
4. Marked short forms: Ter, Ger, Deb,Pen, Beck
5. Unmarked -ie/y forms: Penny, Debbie, Terry, Jerry, Cindy
6. Marked -ie/y forms: Jimmy, Bobby, Pammy, Ruthie